News Letter 1.1

April 2004

Welcome to the first electronic newsletter of the Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN). Our e-newsletter is designed to keep NCN students, faculty, and staff connected and informed about NCN activities. The NCN was launched in September of 2002 and has already gained high visibility for leading-edge research, unique educational initiatives, and for its pioneering cyberinfrastructure. I am convinced that the NCN gives us all an opportunity to do something very special, and I look forward to working with the NCN community to realize this promise. This is a group effort, and I welcome your comments and suggestions at any time.

-Mark (lundstro@purdue.edu)

1. New People

Jane Boone Mrs. Jane Boone joined the NCN as Administrative Director on October 1, 2003. In addition to overseeing the administration of the NCN and the NASA-funded Institute for Nanoelectronics and Computing, Mrs. Boone will also help plan and conduct our outreach programs to students and professionals. She brings to the NCN a wealth of experience and accomplishments in academic administration, student services, recruitment and outreach, and student advising. Prior to joining us, she was Coordinator of Educational Affairs and the Select Program in Engineering at Yale University. Before joining Yale, she was Coordinator of Institutional Self-Study at the University of Texas at Arlington and before that, Director of Undergraduate Programs in the M. J. Neeley School of Business at Texas Christian University. Mrs. Boone is "delighted to be associated with such dynamic Centers, and their missions of the exploration of nanoscience and the advancement of nanotechnology -- with their promise for the future". Welcome Jane!

Gerhard Klimeck Dr. Gerhard Klimeck joined the NCN as Technical Director and the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering as Professor on December 15, 2003. He will oversee the NCN's efforts in large-scale computing, software development, and web-based delivery of simulation services. He is enthusiastic in his involvement with this effort and notes, "NCN tools will impact the Nanotechnology Community at large". Dr. Klimeck joins us from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where he led the Advanced Cluster Computing Technology group and JPL's effort on Computational Nanotechnology. At JPL he also led the NEMO 3-D development for the simulation of quantum dot systems consistent of 30 million atoms. While at JPL, he contributed to the image processing software currently being used for the two Mars landers now in operation. Prior to joining JPL in 1998, Dr. Klimeck was at Texas Instruments Central Research (later Raytheon) where he played a lead role in the development of the nanoelectronic modeling program, NEMO, the first true nanoelectronic CAD tool. Dr. Klimeck received his Ph.D. in 1994 from Purdue University, where he studied electron transport through quantum dots, resonant tunneling diodes, and 2-D electron gases. His research for his German electrical engineering degree, which he obtained in 1990 from Ruhr-University Bochum, concerned the study of laser noise propagation. Dr. Klimeck's work is documented in over 90 peer reviewed publications and over 150 conference presentations. He is a member of IEEE, APS, HKN and TBP. Welcome Gerhard!

For more information on NEMO-1D & -3D, or Mars image processing please visit Gerhard's website.

2. www.nanohub.org launched!

www.nanohub.org In December 2003, the NCN launched a new web site, nanohub.org, designed to be a resource for research, education, and web-based computational services in the areas of nanoelectronics, NEMS, and the nano-bio connection. This site pulls together content that was scattered across several different web sites and provides video-streamed seminars, tutorials, and courses as well as the ability to perform live simulations on-line. Our goal is that nanohub.org become the location for resources on nanoelectronics and NEMS and their application to biological systems. In this section, I will regularly report on new contributions to nanohub.org by the NCN universities and our partners. For starters, check out Supriyo Datta's new course, From Atom to Transistor, a semester-long course, accessible by video streaming, that teaches electronics devices from an unconventional, 'bottom up' approach. You might also be interested in the Nanocomputing Debate, a series of seminars on the limits of digital computation by leading experts.

3. Cyberinfrastructure

Following the recommendations of the Atkins report, "Revolutionizing Science and Engineering Through Cyberinfrastructure" (3.2M PDF), the National Science Foundation is defining a major new initiative on cyberinfrastructure research and deployment. The NCN's use of web-based computing to transform the way people use computers is viewed as a pioneering effort in cyberinfrastructure. A key objective this year is to transition from our first-generation network computing platform, PUNCH, to In-VIGO, a completely new system being developed from the ground up by Professors José Fortes and Renato Figueiredo at the University of Florida, www.acis.ufl.edu. NSF's initiative on cyberinfrastructure will support research on new technologies to transform the way we do science and engineering. The NCN expects to play an important role by serving as a testbed that will help guide the evolution of these new technologies.

4. IBM to donate p690 Regatta Server to NCN/Purdue

IBM p690 The Network for Computational Nanotechnology has been selected to receive an IBM p690 "Regatta" server, through the IBM Shared University Research Program. The award also includes the donation of IBM IntelliStation POWER 275 workstations for use in NCN collaborations at Morgan State University and the University of Texas - El Paso. The Regatta, which consists of 16 CPUs and 256 GB of shared RAM, will be used to tackle problems that need large amounts of shared memory. It will complement Purdue's "Superman" linux cluster, which has 200 CPUs but only 0.5 GB of RAM per CPU. ITaP (Information Technology at Purdue) will support and maintain the Regatta and will make it available to the NCN research community through a grid computing portal that will also connect to the NSF Teragrid project. This is a strong show of support for the NCN and we all look forward to the beginning of a mutually beneficial relationship between IBM and NCN.

5. Research Nugget

BioMOCA BioMOCA is a coarse-grained 3-D transport Monte Carlo code for the simulation of ion permeation in biological and biomimetic nanopore structures. It is a tool to explore device-like functions of these systems. The program is being developed by Trudy van der Straaten, Gulzar Kathawala and Umberto Ravaioli at the University of Illinois. In this BioMOCA, the structure and the water environment are treated as continuum media and the interaction between simulated ions and water is treated using a scattering model. Biological ionic channels are the ideal prototype structures to develop this formalism, because the crystallographic structure of several channels is known, and their electrical behavior has been characterized with single channel conductance measurements. Typical examples include gramicidin A, an early antibiotic, and bacterial channels like ompF Porin, a triple channel structure found in E. Coli bacterial membranes and KcSA, a potassium channel with mechano-sensitive properties. Coarse grained simulation is necessary so that one can analyze ion permeation on a time-scale comparable to typical biological reaction times (from micro to milliseconds). Molecular dynamics allows one to simulate the details of the protein and lipid structure forming the ionic channel, as well as the water molecules in more detail, but it is computationally too costly. The main challenge in the realization of coarse-grained models is the definition of the continuum model for the protein forming the pore, because one needs to assign the relative permittivity and the charge distribution associated with the molecular structure. The behavior of water and of ion-water interaction may differ from bulk conditions inside the pore, due to the restricted dimensionality inside the pore. A combination of quantum chemistry approaches, molecular dynamics calculations, and experimental results must be used to develop a consistent coarse-grained model. The ultimate challenge is to include the electrical and structural changes undergone by the protein during ion permeation events.

6. Education Nugget

Electronic device education from the "bottom up"

The promise of nanotechnology will not be realized until we educate engineers differently. Chemistry, for example, is taught from the bottom up by beginning with the simple hydrogen atom, then slowly building up to more complex molecules. Electronic devices, however, have traditionally been taught from the top down, beginning with large devices that contain millions of atoms. When applied to the molecular-scale devices now being explored, this traditional approach is more confusing than illuminating.

The Network for Computational Nanotechnology is leading research to understand, simulate, and design electronic devices comprised of single molecules. New advances in research have led NCN researchers to re-think their approach to education. The first example is Professor Supriyo Datta's course, "From Atom to Transistor", which introduces graduate students to electronic devices by beginning with single-molecule devices, where things are simple, and moving to larger more complex devices - exactly the opposite of how these courses are traditionally taught. The NCN has made the complete course available by video streaming at www.nanohub.org. This course is being used for self-study, to supplement existing courses, and even used in its entirety at another university. From Atoms to Transistors is an example of the innovative new approaches needed to stimulate the transformation of nanoscience to nanotechnology.

7. Meet Professor Susan Sinnott, University of Florida

Susan Sinnott Susan B. Sinnott is an Associate Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Florida. She received a B.S. in Chemistry from the University of Texas at Austin and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Iowa State University in 1993. After working as a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow in the Surface Chemistry Branch of the Naval Research Laboratory, she became an Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering at the University of Kentucky before moving to the University of Florida in 2000. Her research uses theoretical and computational tools to study the design, processing, and properties of materials. Problems of current interest include polymerization and thin film growth through particle-surface deposition, electronic structure and stability of metal oxide ceramic grain boundaries, physical, chemical and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes, including their use in nanoelectromechanical systems, and the structure and stability of metal semiconductor interfaces. Prof. Sinnott has published over 50 articles in peer-reviewed technical journals and has given over 60 invited presentations at technical conferences and institutions. She has also assisted in the organization of several sessions and conferences in her field. She is the North American Editor of the Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Recent awards include the University of Florida Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Excellence Award in 2002 and 2003, and a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellowship in 2000. "The NCN has allowed me to collaborate with an outstanding group of scientists and engineers to study complex nanometer-scale systems and share the excitement of nanoscience exploration and nanotechnology development with students," shares Prof. Sinnott.

More information on Prof. Sinnott's research can be found on her website.

8. Meet Hetal Patel, Florida grad student

Hetal PatelHetal Patel graduated from Pace University, New York, with a Masters in Computer Science in 2001 and is currently pursuing her PhD in Electrical Engineering at the University of Florida. Under the guidance of Prof. Susan Sinnott, Hetal is helping to adapt the programs of the NanoHUB for education in nanomaterials and other areas, in order to make the NanoHub more accessible for students.

9. Meet Kevin Colby, nanohub support specialist

Kevin Colby The Nanotechnology Simulation Hub is the most visible part of the NCN's infrastructure, and Kevin Colby is the one who keeps it ticking and growing. Mr. Colby's responsibilities are to operate and maintain the nanohub, assist users, work with NCN researchers to install new tools, and to enhance the network-computing platform software in order to better serve users. Much of what he does is behind the scenes, but NCN participants will soon see his work in the form of a new account administration system. Mr. Colby is from northern Indiana and Illinois and attended Purdue University. Prior to joining us in the spring of 2001, he worked for the GSI Group in downstate Illinois where he was involved in software development and network administration. He currently has his plate full with the nanohub's expanding toolset and userbase, but he will play a key role of the production roll-out of the new In-VIGO network computing platform over the course of this year.

10. The NCN Summer Institute
A Meeting Place for NCN Students and Faculty

This summer, the NCN will again conduct a Summer Institute that consists of several activities of interest to NCN students and faculty. Activities take place at three different campuses within easy driving distance from each other. At Purdue, the NASA-funded Institute for Nanoelectronics and Computing and the NCN co-sponsor a project-based Summer Undergraduate Research Internship program. Also at Purdue is the "NCN Software Camp", which is designed to teach software engineering fundamentals and recommended practices for developing NCN community codes. The Beckman Institute hosts the Summer School: Introduction to Computational Nanotechnology in June and Northwestern University is the site of the 2nd Molecular Conduction Workshop in July. Students are encouraged to attend. It's a good opportunity to learn new topics and to meet your NCN colleagues. For specifics, see www.ncn.purdue.edu. Travel funds to facilitate NCN student attendance are available.

11. NCN Calendar

  2004   
  May 14 NCN Annual Report due at NSF   
  June 7-18 Introduction to Computational Nanotechnology Summer School at Beckman Institute, UIUC   
  June 23-25 Annual Site Visit at Purdue University   
  July 8-10 2nd Workshop on Molecular Conduction at Northwestern University   
  October 24-27 10th International Workshop on Computational Electronics at Purdue University   
  Also planned for this summer is an " NCN Software Engineering Camp" and a " Workshop on nano-bio." Watch the ncn web site www.ncn.purdue.edu for details.   

12. NCN Contacts

Administrative: Jane Boone
Web presence: Joe Cychosz
Simulation Hub: Sebastien Goasguen
Scientific Computing: Gerhard Klimeck
Other: Mark Lundstrom

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EEC-0228390. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.


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